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Prevalence of factors associated with difficult peripheral venous access in a paediatric population in a Chilean hospital

Authors

Abstract

Introduction: Half of the pediatric installations of a peripheral venous catheter turn out to be in the context of a patient, a difficult venous access, defined as the installation of a peripheral venous catheter frustrated in the first puncture. Currently, the DIVA score is used as a predictive tool for difficult venous access, however, there is research that proposes new associated factors, arising the need to study them in depth. Aim: To identify the prevalence of factors associated with difficult venous access in pediatric patients treated in the surgery service of a hospital in Chile, 2022. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive quantitative research with purposive sampling. Patients aged 0 to 14 years with difficult venous access were included. To investigate these clinical antecedents, 5 of the most mentioned in the literature were selected: Obesity, Diabetes, Sickle Cell Anemia, Chemotherapy and Dialysis. An Ad Hoc comparison grid was used, the results were analyzed using software and the confidence interval was 95%. Results: The median age was 1 year, with an interquartile range of 3. The most prevalent antecedent evaluated in patients with difficult venous access was obesity, present in 31% of the sample and the second, was sickle cell anemia, present in 5%. Conclusions: A wide difference was evidenced between the variables studied, with obesity being the most prevalent; the research achieved the purpose of providing evidence that helps decision-making for the care of the patient's venous capital.

Keywords:

Pediatrics, Catheterization, Peripheral, Vascular access devices, Nursing care, Evidence-Based Nursing

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